"[5] Moreover, the saint is also portrayed in traditional hagiographies as one who "in some way ... acquires his Friend's, i.e. [1] One of the most widely venerated saints in early North African Islamic history was Abū Yaʿzā (or Yaʿazzā, d. 1177), an illiterate Sunni Maliki miracle worker whose reputation for sanctity was admired even in his own life. "[26] It is, in fact, reported that Ibn Hanbal explicitly identified his contemporary, the mystic Maruf Karkhi (d. 815-20), as one of the abdal, saying: "He is one of the substitute-saints, and his supplication is answered. Abu Abdullah Muhammad ibn al-Qasim al-Qandusi (Arabic: محمد بن القاسم القندوسي‎) came from Kenadsa in Algeria and migrated to Fes, Morocco in 1828 (1244 AH). So the dwelling of the Nuqaba are in the Maghrib, the Nujaba in Egypt, the Abdal in Sham, the Akhyar travel throughout the Earth, the ‘Umud are in the corners of the Earth, and the Ghawth is in Makka. Reverence for Awliya Allah have been an important part of both Sunni and ShiaIslamic tradition that particularly important classical saints have served as the heavenly advocates for specific Muslim empires, nations, cities, towns, and villages. They do not fake their humility, nor fake their being dead to the world, nor are they ostentatiously impressed with themselves. [1] Most of the saints venerated in Turkey belonged to the Hanafi school of Sunni jurisprudence. The Qur'an al-kareem divides those that are favoured by Allah into 4 groups: a) The Prophets – This cycle has ended after the appearance of Sayyadina Rasoolallah (Salla Allahu ta'ala Alayhi wa Sallam). The word can also mean “ally” or “friend”. Walī (Arabic ولي , plural Awliyā أولياء), is an Arabic word, its lexical meaning being “supporter”, “guardian” or “protector”. What differentiates between Awliya Allah and Awliya ash Shaytan? 907-912). This is a powerful and profound Hadith Qudsi in which Allah informs and invites us to be among His friends and allies. [10] In the common expressions of Islamic piety of this period, the saint was understood to be "a contemplative whose state of spiritual perfection ... [found] permanent expression in the teaching bequeathed to his disciples". The friends of The Most Merciful are the inhabitants of the Paradise, while the friends of Shaytan are the dwellers of the Hell Fire. Ala inna awliyaa Allahi la khawfun AAalayhim wala hum yahzanoona, Lahumu albushra fee alhayati alddunya wafee al-akhirati la tabdeela likalimati Allahi thalika huwa alfawzu alAAatheemu. [1], The veneration of saints has played "an essential role in the religious, and social life of the Maghreb for more or less a millennium”;[1] in other words, since Islam first reached the lands of North Africa in the eighth century. Hierarchy of Awliya. Ramadan – The Month of the Awliya (Allah’s Friends) بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم The Prophet of Allāh sallallāhu ‘alayhi wa sallam narrates from Allāh, “Whoever displays animosity towards My walī (friend), I declare war on him. As the veneration accorded saints often develops purely organically in Islamic climates, the Awliya Alla… That pious deeds drives one closer to Allah. [14] In short, it is believed that "every prophet is a saint, but not every saint is a prophet". From Abu Hurayra: “Verily, there are supports (Awtad) for the masajid, whose sitting companions are the angels, seeking them out. [1] Upon returning to the Maghreb, Abū Madyan stopped at Béjaïa and "formed a circle of disciples. And the most beloved things with which My slave comes nearer to Me, is what I have enjoined upon him; and My slave keeps on coming closer to Me through performing Nawafil (praying or doing extra deeds besides what is obligatory) till I love him, so I become his sense of hearing with which he hears, and his sense of sight with which he sees, and his hand with which he grips, and his leg with which he walks; and if he asks Me, I will give him, and if he asks My protection (Refuge), I will protect him; (i.e. Another hadith which supports the meaning of many of the above narrations is related on the authority of Sa’d, which states: “Indeed, Allah supports this Ummah by their weak members, through their prayers, supplications, and sincerity,” and in another narration, “Is it not through the weak among the Ummah that you are granted provision and victory?”, 20. It was clear to […] Shaykh al-Yafi’i wrote in his book Kifayat al-Mu’taqid (“Sufficiency of the Believer”): The righteous (Saliheen) are many, and they mix with the common people for the sake of their worldly and other-worldly benefit. You have no respect for the Awliya Allah, without Adab, Ilm is useless. And the intention of the Hafiz (Ibn Hajar) was that mention of the Ghawth is not found in any Sahih hadith, but the fact that it is widespread and well-known, and frequently mentioned among the people of this pure path (the Sufis), is enough to indicate its established basis. Finally, Ibn ‘Abidin quoted Hafiz Ibn Hajar who said in his Fatwas: The Abdal were mentioned in numerous narrations, some of them authentic (Sahih), and others not authentic. These servants occupy the most sublime levels of proximity to Allah, enjoying … Grace Martin Smith and C.W. 1963).[1]. Two are in Turkey, third is a Chisti Wali Allah and lives in Bangladesh, 4th and 5th are Naksbandi Aulia Allah who live in Indonesia. When Allah loves a person He answers his prayers. They only occupy a country one after another, so blessed be the people of a land among whom are two Abdal. Calling on the Dead Awliya of Allah. An expeditionary force will be sent against him from Syria…when the people see that, the Abdal of Syria and the best people of Iraq will come to him and swear allegiance to him…”, 2. The dargah of Meer Ahmadh Ibrahim, Meer Amjadh Ibrahim, Syed Abdus Salaam Ibrahim called as Maqbara Hazrats, Madurai. "[1] As has been noted by scholars, the development of these movements has indirectly led to a trend amongst some mainstream Muslims to resist "acknowledging the existence of Muslim saints altogether or ... [to view] their presence and veneration as unacceptable deviations". [1] The phenomena in traditional Islam can be at least partly ascribed to the writings of many of the most prominent Sunni theologians and doctors of the classical and medieval periods,[1] many of whom considered the belief in saints to be "orthodox" doctrine. From Anas: “The earth will never be empty of 40 men who are similar to the Intimate Friend of Allah (Sayyidina Ibrahim). The book deals with the concept of Aqidah and beautifully differentiates between the correct and the wrong people. Graves of saints around the Muslim world became centers of pilgrimage — especially after 1200 CE — for masses of Muslims seeking their barakah (blessing). Even the Kings, Magicians and Hindu Jogis and Tantric of their ages could not move them from their rightous path: Following 11 great muslim sufi are include in this book: Awais Qarni, Khawja Hasan Basri, Ibrahim Adham, Zunnoon Misri, Hussain Ibn-e-Mansoor … Baghawi stated in his Tafsir of this verse: "He taught him the inward (batin) knowledge by inspiration (ilham).". Soon the non-followers found out that Islam is the only true Religion from GOD (Allah) and they should live their lives according to Islamic ways. By them, the earth is established (bihim taqum al-Ard), and by them you are sent rain, and by them you are granted help and victory.”. This shows that it was a known and accepted truth among the Salaf that these categories of Awliya’ existed. From Umm Salamah: “Disagreement will occur at the death of a Khalif and a man of the people of Madina will come quickly to Makka. List. As for the Qutb, he was mentioned in some later narrations (Athar). those … From Abu Sa’id al-Khudri: “The Abdal from my nation did not enter into Paradise with their actions, but rather through the mercy of Allah, through the unparalleled generosity of their souls, the fact that they hold no grudge or hatred against anyone and their hearts being at peace with everyone, and through mercy for the entirety of Muslims.”, 3. #YemenCrisis We’re looking for 313 people to donate £48 each for the sadaqa of one of the 313 who fought in the battle of Badr (may Allah be pleased with them all). Affirming that Karamat (mini miracles) are real and only pious people have the potential to experience them if Allah so wills. Learn how your comment data is processed. 5-6, Christopher Melchert, The Ḥanābila and the Early Sufis, Arabica, T. 48, Fasc. Affirming that there are Awliya Allah among His slaves. There have been Awliya Allah in every era and there will always be Awliya Allah in every era. These servants of Allah, sometimes known as the Seven Sleepers (although the Quran does not specify an exact number), were not Prophets or Messengers but were blessed with special ranks and favours. [1][41][42] Another immensely popular saint of the time-period was Ibn Ḥirzihim (d. 1163), who also gained renown for his personal devoutness and his ability to work miracles. And when Allah desires to start the Day of Judgment, He takes the life of all of them. From ‘Ubada ibn Samit: “The Abdal in this community are thirty, their hearts like the heart of Ibrahim (asws) the Intimate of the All-Merciful. 1935), Muhammad Alawi al-Maliki (d. 2004), Hamza Yusuf (b. List of Mujaddid 1 to 14 Century: mehboob 2017-09-14T08:50:28+00:00. A project dedicated to plotting the resting places of the Awliya, Sahaba, Ahl al-Bayt and Prophets of Islam around the world. "[1] Abū Madyan eventually died in Tlemcen, while making his way to the Almohad court of Marrakesh; he was later venerated as a prime Awliya Allah of Tlemcen by popular acclaim. [13] Additionally, the prophets and messengers in Islam are also believed to be saints by definition, although they are rarely referred to as such, in order to prevent confusion between them and ordinary saints; as the prophets are exalted by Muslims as the greatest of all humanity, it is a general tenet of Sunni belief that a single prophet is greater than all the regular saints put together. And so the state of extinction means at the same time the highest degree of activity in this world. [1] It was Abu Madyan (d. 1197), however, who eventually became one of the Awliya Allah of the entire Maghreb. “In the nations before you were people who were spoken to (muhaddathun) who were not Prophets. 322-23), and by Ibn ‘Abidin al-Hanafi in his fatwa on the Abdal called Ijabat al-Ghawth. ), This page was last edited on 11 January 2021, at 01:13. Then for the next 15 pages he lists over 50 narrations to demonstrate his point, from which we will choose a few, also adding some that he did not mention. [1] A fundamental distinction was described in the ninth century by al-Tirmidhi in his Sīrat al-awliyāʾ (Lives of the Saints), who distinguished between two principal varieties of saints: the walī ḥaḳḳ Allāh on the one hand and the walī Allāh on the other. [1] With the general consensus of Islamic scholars of the period accepting that the ulema were responsible for maintaining the "exoteric" part of Islamic orthodoxy, including the disciplines of law and jurisprudence, while the Sufis were responsible for articulating the religion's deepest inward truths,[1] later prominent mystics like Ibn Arabi (d. 1240) only further reinforced this idea of a saintly hierarchy, and the notion of "types" of saints became a mainstay of Sunni mystical thought, with such types including the ṣiddīqūn ("the truthful ones") and the abdāl ("the substitute-saints"), amongst others. Allah SubHanuhu wa Ta'ala will order him to declare that his foot is on the necks of all the Awliya. ♥ Saints in Islam are known by the Koranic term Awliya’ Allah or “friends of God”. It is the authorized channel to … [1] Despite their exalted nature, however, al-Tirmidhi emphasized that these forty saints occupied a rank below the prophets. The scholars of Tafsir agree unanimously that this "wahy" refers to inspiration (ilham) and unveiling (kashf), and not revelation which only Prophets receive. 4. For more examples, see Suyuti’s Hawi lil-Fatawi (2:251-55). "[1] Abū Madyan travelled to the East, where he is said to have met prominent mystics like the renowned Hanbali jurist Abdul-Qadir Gilani (d. I see no point in arguing with someone who claims that Shaykh Abdul Qadir Jilani, A Hassani and Hussaini Syed, the Sultan of Awliya an authority and Jurist in the Shafi'i and Hanbali Madhabs was part of a 'made up sect'. With regard to the sheer omnipresence of this belief, the late Martin Lings wrote: "There is scarcely a region in the empire of Islam which has not a Sufi for its Patron Saint." [1] The first written references to ascetic Muslim saints in Africa, "popularly admired and with followings,"[1] appear in tenth-century hagiographies. From this verse there are two criterion of a Wali: A Wali is someone who occupies a very close station to Allah and is protected by Allah from major sins and repetition of sins in general, and kept in a state of obedience. [1] In the Quran, the adjective walī is applied to God, in the sense of him being the "friend" of all believers (Q2:257). His soul, his ego, is eliminated and ... when he acts, it is God Who acts through him. THE HIGH RANK AND AUTHORITY OF SULTAN UL AWLIYA Abu Darda’ said: “When Prophethood ended – and they were the supports (Awtad) of the earth – Allah substituted their places with 40 men from the nation of Muhammad (blessings and peace be upon him), who are named “Abdal” (the Substitutes). You have realized (the truth), therefore cling to it.” Some versions add, “(This is) a believer whose heart Allah has illumined.”, http://www.sufiwiki.com/index.php?title=Awliya&oldid=1340. This hadith alone suffices as evidence of their existence to the end of times. [47] Traditionally, it has been understood that the Wali'Allah of a particular place prays for that place's well-being and for the health and happiness of all who live therein. And the Awtad are 4, one in Syria, one in Yemen, one in the East, and one in the West. Therefore, there is no reason to believe that the construction of mosque near the graves of awliya’ for the purpose of worshipping Allah and performing divine duties is forbidden. [1], Regarding the rendering of the Arabic walī by the English "saint", prominent scholars such as Gibril Haddad have regarded this as an appropriate translation, with Haddad describing the aversion of some Muslims towards the use of "saint" for walī as "a specious objection ... for [this is] – like 'Religion' (din), 'Believer' (mu'min), 'prayer' (salat), etc. “The land of greater-Syria (Sham) is the quintessence (safwa) of Allah’s lands on earth, and to it He draws His elect (safw) worshippers.”, 16. [1] According to scholars, "between the Turks of the Balkans and Anatolia, and those in Central Asia, despite the distance separating them, the concept of the saint and the organisation of pilgrimages displays no fundamental differences. The Wali who was with Sayyidina Sulayman (as) brought him the throne of Bilqis quicker than the blink of an eye. Many people in the Muslim world have been deceived into believing that since the Awliya (friends) of Allah are alive in their graves, they can help us … [1] From the twelfth to the fourteenth century, "the general veneration of saints, among both people and sovereigns, reached its definitive form with the organization of Sufism ... into orders or brotherhoods". All believers have the capacity and ability to become the Awliya Allah. But such tombs are also denoted by terms usually used for dervish convents, or a particular part of it (tekke in the Balkans, langar, 'refectory,' and ribāṭ in Central Asia), or by a quality of the saint (pīr, 'venerable, respectable,' in Azerbaijan). [1]. 1258). Abdullah ibn ‘Amr narrated that the Prophet (salla allahu alayhi wa sallam) said: “In every generation of my community, there will be Sabiqun (forerunners).”, 15. [1] Famous adherents of the Shadhili order amongst modern Islamic scholars include Abdallah Bin Bayyah (b. And the states of the Awtad are revealed to the elect. The Shari’ah definition of a Wali is given by Allah in the following verse: Arabic: أَلَا إِنَّ أَوْلِيَاءَ اللَّهِ لَا خَوْفٌ عَلَيْهِمْ وَلَا هُمْ يَحْزَنُونَ, لَهُمُ الْبُشْرَىٰ فِي الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا وَفِي الْآخِرَةِ ۚ لَا تَبْدِيلَ لِكَلِمَاتِ اللَّهِ ۚ ذَٰلِكَ هُوَ الْفَوْزُ الْعَظِيمُ, Transliteration: These are the ones whom I would bring to My attention when I wish to punish My creation, and then I divert My punishment from My creation because of them.”, 18. "[1] For the adherents of Wahhabi ideology, for example, the practice of venerating saints appears as an "abomination", for they see in this a form of idolatry. "[1] Although many of these saints lack precise historiographies or hagiographies, "their presence and their social efficacity ... [are] immense"[1] in shaping the spiritual life of Muslims in the region. And the states of the Qutb are veiled from the common and the elect, out of Allah’s jealousy for him, except that he is seen to be (at the same time) knowledgeable and ignorant, dim-witted and intelligent, taking and leaving, near and far, gentle and harsh, safe and dangerous…(meaning that he combines in himself the opposites). After whom the Naqshbandi Golden Chain is named after. (4) female saints, who may belong to one of the aforementioned three categories or some other. From Abu Darda’: “The Abdal have not come to be greater than the rest of the people by performing much fasting or prayers or tasbih, but rather by excellent morals, being true in their scrupulousness, their sound intentions, their hearts being at peace with all Muslims, and giving others sincere counsel for the sake of Allah.”, 4. Ashab al-Kahf (The people of the cave). "[1], Although the doctrine of the hierarchy of saints is already found in written sources as early as the eighth-century,[1] it was al-Tirmidhi who gave it its first systematic articulation. List of Sufi saints. This Divine secret of Allah Almighty which was given to the heart of the Holy Prophet (peace be upon him) and transmitted from heart to heart from one Siddiq to another is the Divine Secret and Divine Breath which Allah Almighty blew into Adam (as). This page has been accessed 133,001 times. Although he lived a fairly obscure lifestyle selling herbs and spices in the main market on Fes, he was endowed with great spiritual insight and sainthood. From Abu Qilaba: “There will never cease to be in my Ummah seven, and they will never ask Allah without Him answering them. By Rameez Abid / April 29, 2011 August 28, 2018 / Leave a Comment. By them rain falls and victory is granted. It undoubtedly demonstrates the reality and existence and nature of these Awliya (Intimate Friends of Allah), and so no one has the right to deny their existence and special distinction after this knowledge has come to them. "[1] The differences in terminology between the various celestial hierarchies presented by these authors were reconciled by later scholars through their belief that the earlier mystics had highlighted particular parts and different aspects of a single, cohesive hierarchy of saints. Also from Imam ‘Ali: “The Abdal are from Syria, and the Nujaba’ are from Egypt, and the elite righteous servants (‘isaba) are from Iraq.”, 9. The word, in its different forms, appears in the Quran over 200 times. Aḥmad b. Idrīs, Muḥammad ʿUt̲mān al-Mīrġanī, Ismāʿīl al-Walī", in, I. Goldziher, "Die Heiligenverehrung im Islam", in. [14][11][12][3] Hence, we find that even medieval critics of the widespread practice of venerating the tombs of saints, like Ibn Taymiyyah (d. 1328), never denied the existence of saints as such, with the Hanbali jurist stating: "The miracles of saints are absolutely true and correct, by the acceptance of all Muslim scholars. [1], Collected stories about the "lives or vitae of the saints", began to be compiled "and transmitted at an early stage"[1] by many regular Muslim scholars, including Ibn Abi al-Dunya (d. 894),[1] who wrote a work entitled Kitāb al-Awliyāʾ (Lives of the Saints) in the ninth-century, which constitutes "the earliest [complete] compilation on the theme of God's friends. “The folk (Ahl) of the Qur’an are the folk of Allah (Ahl ul-Laah) and His elect.”, 17. Hilyat ul- Awliya wa Tabaqat-ul-Asfiya (The Adornment of the Saints and the encyclopedic book by Shaykh Abu Nuaym Ahmad al-Isphahani. 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